Info: Lens

From SIMION

SIMION has often been used to simulate 2D and 3D lens systems, either in isolation or as components of other systems. The three-element Einzel lens example (http://www.simion.com/examples/einzel.html) in SIMION is demonstrated in A Tour of the SIMION 7.0 Demo (http://www.simion.com/docs/demo.html).

SIMION Einzel lens example (above) with corresponding potential energy surface (below).

Some papers covering the simulations of lenses in SIMION include

• [1] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.08.068) Omer Sise, Melike Ulu, and Mevlut Dogan. Multi-element electrostatic lens systems for focusing and controlling charged particles. Nuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section A. Volume 554, Issues 1-3, 1 December 2005, Pages 114-131. (Department of Physics, Science and Arts Faculty, Afyon Kocatepe University, Turkey.) doi:10.1016/j.nima.2005.08.068 (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2005.08.068) ; online preprint (http://arxiv.org/abs/physics/0503145) (Additional material on Omer Sise's home page (http://www2.aku.edu.tr/~omersise/))
• [2] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjap:2006121) Bernheim M. Evaluation of aberrations of immersion objective lenses in relation to electron emission microscopy. Eur. Phys. J. Appl. Phys. 36, 193-204 (2006)
• [3] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ultramic.2005.11.007) Bernheim M. Image acquisition with immersion objective lenses using electrons emitted with several tenths of an electron volt energies: Towards high spatial resolution ESCA analysis. Ultramicroscopy 106 (2006) 398-412
• [4] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2007.01.051) Omer Sise, Melike Ulua and Mevlut Dogana. "Aberration coefficients of multi-element cylindrical electrostatic lens systems for charged particle beam applications" Nucl. Instrum. Meth. A 573/3 (2007) 329-339
• [5] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.radphyschem.2005.11.037) Omer Sise, Melike Ulua and Mevlut Dogan. "Characterization and modeling of multi-element electrostatic lens systems" Rad. Phys. Chem. 76/3 (2007), 593-598
• [6] (http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/0143-0807/29/6/005) Omer Sise, David Manura and Mevlut Dogan. "Exploring focal and aberration properties of electrostatic lenses through computer simulation." Omer Sise et al 2008 Eur. J. Phys. 29 1165-1176 -- introduction to lens property simulations in SIMION, from a teaching perspective.

See also

• [7] (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Einzel_lens) Wikipedia: Einzel Lens
• Pictures of a real einzel lenses: [8] (http://www.physics.purdue.edu/primelab/ion_source/einzel_lens/einzel_lens.html) (Purdue PRIME Lab, Department of Physics) [9] (http://www.dreebit.com/images/foto-Einzel-lens.jpg) (DREBIT HCI-irradiation facility) [10] (http://www3.imperial.ac.uk/opticalandsemidev/microsystems/sensors/two-dimensionalmicrofabricatedelectros/) (Miniature einzel lens - Imperial College London)
• [11] (http://www.amazon.com/Electrostatic-Lens-Systems-D-W-O-Heddle/dp/0750306971) D W O Heddle. Electrostatic Lens Systems.
• [12] (http://www.elsevier.com/wps/find/bookdescription.cws_home/674145/description) Experimental Methods in the Physical Sciences, volume 29A, chapter 5 "Electron and Ion Optics" by George C. King is a short 18 page summary of lens theory, similar to Heddle.